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The Mayfield Handbook of Technical & Scientific Writing
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Section 1.14.1

Format

Use standard document formats to help organize your material into widely accepted arrangements. Most work-related documents have evolved standardized formats for the arrangement of material. Reports, for example, typically begin with the title page, which is followed by the abstract, the table of contents, and so on. Formats help reduce material into predictable patterns for readers. Formats also call out logical arrangements appropriate to given kinds of methods, data, and subjects. These conventions save time in at least two ways: they provide writers an organizing and data-reduction tool, and they help readers anticipate how the document's subject matter is arranged.

Some documents that have widely recognized format conventions are:

memoranda

research reports

technical articles

trip reports

design reports

letters

proposals

instructions

Many document elements also follow standard formats; some of these elements are:

graphs and figures

tables

citations (bibliography, footnotes, parenthetical references)

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