12.109

Syllabus for Fall 2009

 

T.L. Grove, Instructor

Mike Krawczynski, Teaching Assistant

 

Class                          Topic                                                      Reading               Lab

meeting

 

Rock Forming Minerals (RFM)

Sep. 10      (no lecture)                                                              W&B 429              Microscope Intro

Sep. 15      RFM I: Olivine and spinel                                     (no lab)               

Sep. 17      RFM II:  Feldspars                                                 W&B 318-330      Minerals I

Sep. 22      RFM III Pyroxenes                                                W&B 470-475      Minerals I

Sep. 24      RFM IV pyriboles                                                  W&B 475-482      Minerals II

 

Thermodynamics

Oct. 1        1-Energy functions-E-S-V and G-T-P-X              Spear, 133-146,    Minerals II

                                                                                                    175-183

Oct. 6        P-T-X phase diagrams                                           Spear, 247-288     Minerals III

                  Gibbs phase rule

 

 

Oct. 8        2-Exchange reactions                                             R&E                      Textures

                  & Equilibrium constants

Problem Set #1 Exchange reactions

Oct. 15      3-EarthÕs outer mantle - phase relations             Hess, Ch. 6          Mantle lab

                  & variation with tectonic setting (MJK)                                           

 

Petrology

Oct.  20     Mantle rock types and processes                         Boyd (1973)           Basalt lab

                  Pyroxene thermobarometry (MJK)                    W&F p. 134-139

Oct. 22      Serpentine stability - recycling of mantle                                           Lab Review

                  Origin of mantle rocks - Ig. vs Meta. processes

Oct. 27      4-Melting & Crystallization Processes                Hess, Ch. 2          Lab midterm

                  T-X-X phase diagrams (3 components)                                             

                  freezing/melting in crust and mantle

Problem Set #2 Using phase diagrams

Oct. 29      5-Basalts, komatiites rock series                          Hess, Ch. 8, 9, 18 

                  mantle melting processes

                  Mid-term                                                                 (take home)

Nov. 3      6-Phase equilibria:  silicate + H2O                        Hess, Ch. 10        Calc-alk lab

                  Magma generation in subduction zones

Problem Set #3 Feldspar and pyroxene thermobarometry

 

Nov. 5      7- Granitic rocks &                                                 Hess, Ch. 15          Granite lab

                  crustal magmatic processes

Nov. 10    Continental crustal igneous rocks

Nov. 12    1-Metamorphic processes,                                    Spear, Ch. 1          Met. Minerals

                  contact, regional, T& P variations

Nov. 17    2-Metamorphic Facies                                           Spear, Ch. 2        

                  Heat flow & heat production in crust (MJK)      Ch. 3

Nov. 19    3-Metamorphism of pelitic rocks                         Spear, Ch. 10        Met. Facies

                  minerals and isograds                                                                          

Nov. 24    4-Pelites - The AKFM system                               Spear, Ch. 10       Pelite

                  continuous and discontinuous reactions

Nov. 26    Thanksgiving Holiday

Problem Set #4 Garnet-biotite thermobarometry

Dec. 1       5-Metamorphism of mafic rocks                         Spear, Ch. 11       Metamorphism

 

 

Dec. 3       Greenschists, Blueschists and Eclogites                                             Lab review

Dec. 8       6-Metamorphism of calc-silicates                         Spear, Ch. 12       Lab final

 

 

Primary texts for 12.109  - Petrology

 

Hess, P.C. (1989) Origin of Igneous Rocks, Harvard University Press, 336 pp.

 

Spear F.S. (1993) Metamorphic Phase Equilibria and Pressure - Temperature - Time Paths, Mineralogical Society of America, 799 pp.

 

Supplemental reading material

 

Bloss F.D. (1961) An Introduction to the Methods of Optical Crystallography, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 294 pp.

 

Boggs, S., Jr. (1992) Petrology of Sedimentary Rocks, MacMillan, 707 pp.

 

Boyd F.R. (1973) Geochim Cosmochim Acta 37, 2533-2546.

 

Compton R.R. (1962) Manual of Field Geology, John Wiley and Sons, 378 pp.

 

R&E - Roeder P.L. and Emslie R.F. (1970) Contrib Mineral Petrol 29, 275-289.

 

W&F - Wood B.J. and Fraser D.G. (1977) Elementary Thermodynamics for Geologists, Oxford University Press, 303 pp.

 

W&B – Wenk, H-R. and Bulakh, A. (2004) Minerals: their constitution and origin, Cambridge, 646 pp.

 

Resources for laboratory exercises

 

Deer W.A., Howie R.A. and Zussman J. (1992) An Introduction to the Rock-Forming Minerals, 2nd edition, Longman Scientific and Technical, 696 pp.

 

McKenzie W.S., Donaldson C.H. and Guilford C. (1982) Atlas of Igneous Rocks and their Textures, Halsted Press, 148 pp.

 

McKenzie W.S. and Guilford C. (1979) Atlas of Rock-Forming Minerals in Thin Section, Halsted Press, 98 pp.

 

Troger W.E. (1979) Optical Determination of Rock Forming Minerals, Part 1, E. Schweizerbartische Verlagsbuchhandlung, 188 pp.

 

Williams H., Turner F.J. and Gilbert C.M. (1982)  Petrography, An Introduction to the Study of Rocks, 2nd ed., W.H. Freeman and Co., 626 pp.